Reciprocal quadratic iteration
At each step, the map takes the reciprocal of z²—geometric inversion through the unit circle with a doubled angle—then shifts the result by the complex parameter c. That inversion gives the formula its name; it is classical circle inversion applied to z² rather than to z.
Try c = 0 and start at z₀ = 2. Then z₁ = 1/4 = 0.25, z₂ = 1/(0.0625) = 16, z₃ = 1/256 ≈ 0.0039. The orbit ricochets between large and small values rather than settling at a fixed point. For c = 0.5, start at z₀ = 1: z₁ = 1/1 + 0.5 = 1.5, z₂ = 1/2.25 + 0.5 ≈ 0.944, z₃ = 1/0.892 + 0.5 ≈ 1.62. This orbit oscillates without diverging, suggesting c = 0.5 belongs to the bounded set. Escape needs a different test from the quadratic case: a huge value may collapse on the next step, so the bailout must allow for this alternation.

